Sunday, January 30, 2011

Mission to Mysterious Ice Giant Uranus Proposed

A group of 168 scientists from Europe and the United States have submitted a proposal to the European Space Agency (ESA) detailing their desire to explore Uranus. A mission called Uranus Pathfinder is being planned to investigate Uranus’ orbit and to study the planet’s chemistry, rings, and moons. Scientists believe that an investigation of Uranus will help them better understand the evolution of planets in our solar system as well as how other star systems form. Twenty-five years ago, NASA’s Voyager 2 flew past Uranus on its way to Neptune. It provided scientists with a glimpse of Uranus. Scientists are anxious to get a better look at this planet. Uranus, Neptune, Jupiter and Saturn are called gas giants because they are massive planets with thick atmospheres and solid cores. Uranus and Neptune are very different from their gas giant cousins, Jupiter and Saturn. Uranus’s and Neptune’s clouds of atmospheric gases contain water, methane, ammonia, and traces of hydrocarbons whereas Jupiter and Saturn are composed mainly of hydrogen and helium. Uranus is also called an “ice giant” because it contains large amounts of ice in its atmosphere. There are many mysteries surrounding Uranus that scientists would like to investigate. Uranus’ axis of rotation has an extreme tilt. It appears that Uranus orbits the sun on its side. Scientists are also interested in studying Uranus’ magnetic poles which appear to have a very different magnetic field. Unlike other planets, Uranus generates little heat and it has 27 moons. Scientists believe there is that there is a wealth of knowledge that can be obtained from the study of Uranus.

Since Uranus is so far from Earth, a spacecraft to Uranus could take anywhere from 8 to 15 years to reach the planet. Until recently, such an exploration did not seem feasible. The farther away a planet is from Earth, the more difficult and the more expensive it is to get there. Technological advances have made the cost of sending a robotic mission to Uranus more manageable.

I am very interest in seeing if and when the mission to explore Uranus will take place. Since Uranus is so far away from Earth little is know about this planet. I am anxious to see what new information is discovered about Uranus. A mission to Uranus will provide scientists with information to unlock some of Uranus’ mysteries.

By: greendragon

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Sunday, January 9, 2011

IBM Computer Takes on Two Jeopardy Champions


Recently, the game show, Jeopardy, announced that they will pit man versus machine this season. The IBM computer, Watson, will be taking on two of Jeopardy’s former champions, Ken Jennings and Brad Rutter. Ken Jennings broke the Jeopardy record during the 2004-2005 season for most consecutive games won. He played 74 games during the 2004-2005 season and accumulated more than $2.5 million. Brad Rutter was a contestant who had won more money than any other contestant on Jeopardy; more than $3.2 million. The IBM team hopes that their IBM computer, Watson, can answer questions as fast as a human. They have created Watson to listen to the questions then quickly and correctly answer them. In preparation, the IBM computer has been playing mock Jeopardy games with former game show participants. The developers believe that the IBM computer is now ready to face Jeopardy’s most successful champions. The Jeopardy challenge is similar to the chess match played by an IBM machine in 1997. In the chess match in 1997, the IBM computer called Deep Blue beat chess champion Garry Kasparov. Deep Blue was able to calculate 200 million chess moves per second based on a fixed problem. In the Jeopardy challenge, Watson will have to work differently then Deep Blue. Watson will have to listen to the question, interpret the question, figure out what it is being asked and answer the question.

The Jeopardy games featuring Watson will be airing February 14-16. The IBM researchers hope that question-answer systems like Watson will have real-life impacts on businesses such as health care, online self-service desks and tourism. The computer’s ability to quickly sort large amounts of data and answer precisely, as well as rank its confidence, will improve the intelligence of computerized systems and thus make life easier for humans.

I am amazed that new question-answer computers like Watson actually exist. I am anxious to see how well Watson performs against humans. I can’t wait to see if a computer system like Watson can think and react like a human. Like many others, I will be watching Jeopardy to see how Watson performs in this Jeopardy challenge. If the IBM team can create a computer that can think like a human, there is no telling what advances can be made to artificial intelligence.


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By: greendragon